Improvement in machines for untwisting and carding rope



3 Sheets--Sheet1.

JAMES BLICK. Machine for Untwisting and Carding Rope. N0.126,868. Patented May 21,1872.

' riaa. rruesass [NZFNTOR AM. Hmm umoMAPmc 00. N4 )1 fassuH/vz's PRoCESSJ S --h k JAMES BUCK-l 3 heets SeetZ Ma chinefor Untwisting and Carding Hope. No. 126,868. Patented May 21,1872.

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IMPROVEMENT lN MACHINES FOR-IUNTWISTINGAND CARDING ROPE.

' Specification formingpart of Letters Patent No. 126,868, dated May 21, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

, .Be it ,known that I, JAMES BLIOK, of Camden. Town ,connty of Middlesex, England, have,

invented. a new or Improved Machine for Untwisting and Garding Rope, and do hereby declare that the following description, taken inconnection with the accompanying sheets of drawing, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I. have set forth. the nature and, principles of. my said. improvement, by which my invention may be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with. such parts as I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patentthat isto say:

- My invention has for its object the construe tion of a new or improved machine. for un-- twisting and combing 0r cardihg hair or other similar fibrous substances that have been previously twisted into the form of rope.

The construction. of and mode of operating with the said machine will be readily understood. on reference to the accompanying sheets of drawing, on which- Figure 1 shows a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 shows a plan of the same. Fig. 3 shows a front end elevation. Fig. 4c shows alongitudinal section, and Figs. 5 and 6 show detached details to an enlarged scale.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar partsthroughout the figures.

v Theframing A of the machine carries at the front end a revolving frame, B, containing the reel 0, upon which, is wound the hair or other fibrous substance D inthe form of a rope tofbe operated upon. The frame B is rotated on the pivot B at the bottom by means of .the beltE from the pulley E, driven by the pin ionF receiving motion from the spur-wheel F. The reel 0 turns freely in its bearings in the frame A, and at the same time revolves, with it. The rope of hair D is. led from the reel between a pair of nipping-rollers,B fixed to the top of the framing, and consequently revolving with it. The rollers B may bedrawn together by means of springs-B so as to nip the rope, and yet be capable of yield ing to any inequalities in the thickness there-'- of. From. between these nipping-rollers the hair passes over a table, G, to between .apair of i'eedrollers, H, which draw the, hair from the reel and feed it into the other part of the machine. Asthe hair-rope is thus drawn 0d the reel into thev machine it is at the same time untwisted in the space between the nippingrollers B and the table G by the revolving motion of, the nipping-rollers. As the hair passes from the nipping-rollers over the table G to the feed-rollers H, it is opened out somewhat by hand by an attendant, and in this condition itpasses from the feed-rollers onto the spreading-cylinder I. This cylinder has a series of l grooves, P, in each of which are two sliding plates, 1 with teeth 1 which, as the cylinder revolves in the direction of the arrow, are made, to project out of the groove, so as to enter the hair as it passes from the feed-roll ers H onto the cylinder. These teeth are sitried by the latter toward the second pair of feed-rollersK. Arrived at these latter feedrollers,j the teeth I are suddenly drawn inward into the cylinder, as shown at Fig. 4, so as to release the hair and prevent its being dragged beyond the feed-rollers; and as they pass on toward the feed-rollers H again, they are graduallymoved radiallyoutward, and are at the same time drawn close together. For effecting these motions of the teeth 1 devices are employed, which are shown more clearly in the enlarged end view and longitudinal section of the cylinder I at Figs. 5 and 6. The plates I are connected to each other by means of a plate, I, this plate having studs sliding in slots in the plates 1 while these have other studs sliding inslots in the plate I as shown clearly inFig. 6. At each end of the cylinder I is a cam, L, fixed to. the framing A by brackets L, which cams, have, first, a cam-surface,

the rollers H to the rollers K, while as the plates pass, back to the rollers H they-are drawn inward toward each other by means of springs I attached thereto and to theplate If. The feed-rollers K deliver the hair in an opened-out condition onto an endless travelingcard surface, M, stretched over three rollers, M, which cards or combs the hair, and at the same time brings it under the revolving cylinder N. This cylinder is somewhat similar in construction to the cylinder I, having a series of grooves, N in which are plates N having rows of teeth N, which, as the cylinder revolves in the direction of the arrow, are gradually pushed outward through holes in the plates N, covering the grooves as they ap proach the card-surface, and are then suddenly drawn in again after passing beyond the card-surface. By this arrangement, as the cylinder N revolves at a greater speed than the card-surface, the teeth N in entering the hair on the latter, comb it and at the same time draw it 011 of the card-surface and deliver it onto the chute O, whence the hair falls in a perfectly-loose condition into the basket or other receptacle P. For effecting the beforedescribed motion of the plates N and teeth N two fixed cams, Q Q, are placed one on each side of the cylinder, having a configuration, as shown at Fig. 1, and upon these cams the ends of the plates N bear by means of small rollers N so that they are forced outward thereby as they approach the card-surface M, and they are then drawn suddenly in again after passing the points 9 of the cams by means of springs N attached to the plates and to the spindle of the cylinder N, as shown at Fig. 4. Any hair remaining attached to the card-surface M after passing under the teeth N is removed therefrom by a series of fixed teeth, 0, projecting from the edge of the chute 0 between the wires of the card-surface, as indicated at Fig. 4.

Rotary motion is imparted to the various before-described parts of the machine by means of the spur-wheel R, driven either by hand or by power. This wheel is in gear with the wheel F, which imparts motion directly to the gearing S for the cylinder N. On the other end of the shaft F of the wheel F is a pinion, F, in gear with a wheel, T, which drives the pinion U, actuating the one roller M of the card-belt M, and also the wheel V on the shaft of the cylinder I. This wheel is in gear with two pinions, W X, which respectively drive other pinions on the shafts of the lower feedrollers H and K.

As the hair-ropes vary somewhat in the degree to which they have been twisted in the first instance, it is necessary to'be able to regulate the speed of rotation of the frame B according to the amount of twist in the particular rope to be operated upon. This is effected by means of a brake-strap, a, which may be applied with greater or less force to the grooved disk 13 at the bottom of the frame by means of a treadle, a, so as to retard the rotation of the frameB, more or less, whichretardation is permitted in causing the driving-belt E to slip in its groove on the frame.

In the above-described machine. instead of effecting the partial opening out of the hair by hand as it passes from the frame B to the feed, rollers H, this may be effected by means of the device shown at Figs. 7 8, and 9. Fig. 7, is a plan, and Fig. 8 is an elevation of parts, which for this purpose may be substituted for the roller G and feed-table G, described above.

9 is a feeding-table having a fiat vertical face,

and r is the shaft of the wheel R represented in the other figures. On this shaft there are two cams, on a, shown in elevation in Fig. 9, and there are two grooved cams, b b. Two slides, c c, are mounted on the framing, and each of these slides has jointed to it a vibrating arm, (I, furnished with projecting points or teeth 0. On these vibrating arms d d are blocks ff bearing against the cams an, toward which the arms are pressed by springs h h. The slides c 0 have also pins projecting into the grooves of the cams b b. As the shaft 1' revolves the action of the cams and springs causes the points 6 e to approach each other then to close in toward the vertical face of the table 9, and thus to insert themselves amongrepeat the operation at each successive revolution of the shaft 7'.

Having thus described the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details of the "arious parts of the machine, as here inbefore described and shown on the accom' panying drawing, as it will be evident that these may be variously modified without departing from the essential features of my invention. Thus other mechanical equivalents may be substituted for the cams and other devices for producing the before-described movements of the teeth of the cylinders I and N; also, in place of the traveling-card surface M, might be employed a rotating cylinder having cardsurfaces; but

What I claim is 1. The combination, in a machine for untwisting and combing or carding hair and other similar fibrous substances, of a rotating frame, B, with reel 0 and nipping-rollers B for untwisting the ropes of hair, a spreadingcylinder, I, with advancing and receding teeth I for spreading out the untwisted hair, a traveling-card surface, M, for carding or combing the hair, and a cylinder, N, with advancing menses 3 and receding teth N for removin'gthha ir from the card-surface', the.whole operating'sub y stan'tiallyin the manner hereinbeforel set forth;

2. The combination of the fe'edrrdllei s H, spreading-cylinder I, feed-rollers K,trzWe1ihgcard surface M,"and combing-cylindr 'Nforj opening out; combing, and separating'lh irhqr;

strands, substantially as described:

1 Thetl e vic' shbwn at Figs. 7 to 9, consist ing of the slides a with vibrating arms d, haw

ing' teeth aope rztted by earns a and'b, and

sprili'gs hj for partially opening out the hair as it pas'ses'f rcfmthe cageflB to the feed-rollers H,

sublstzmti alljhs set forth., 7

to this spe ci fi catib'n in the presence of two subscribing witl ll sfiS this,7tl1 day of November, 

